Inappropriate advertising contributes to many kids' ills, from obesity to anorexia, to drinking booze and having sex too soon, and Congress should crack down on it, the American Academy of Pediatrics says.
The influential doctors' group issued a new policy statement in response to what it calls a rising tide of advertising aimed at children. The policy appears in this month's Pediatrics, which came out yesterday.
"Young people view more than 40,000 ads per year on television alone and increasingly are being exposed to advertising on the Internet, in magazines and in schools," the policy says.
Advertising examples cited in the statement include TV commercials for sugary breakfast cereals and high calorie snacks shown during children's programs and ads for Viagra and other erectile dysfunction drugs shown during televised sports games.
The statement also is critical of alcohol ads that feature cartoonish animal characters; fast-food ads on educational TV shown in schools; magazine ads with stick-thin models and toy and other product "tie-ins" between popular movie characters and fast-food restaurants.
These pervasive ads influence kids to demand poor food choices, and to think drinking is cool, sex is a recreational activity and anorexia is fashionable, the academy says.
Interactive digital TV, expected to arrive in a few years, will spread the problem, allowing kids to click on-screen links to Web-based promotions, the new policy says.
In response, the academy says doctors should ask Congress and federal agencies to:
* Ban junk-food ads during shows geared toward young children.
* Limit commercial advertising to no more than six minutes per hour, a decrease of 50 percent.
* Restrict alcohol ads to showing only the product, not cartoon characters or attractive young women.
* Prohibit interactive advertising to children on digital TV.
The academy also says TV ads for erectile dysfunction drugs should be shown only after 10pm.
Jeff Becker, president of the Beer Institute, an industry group for breweries, said parents have more influence than advertising on teens' decisions to drink.
He also said brewers work to ensure that beer ads appear in adult-oriented media.
For much of the sports programming where beer ads appear, most viewers are at least 21, Becker said.
"The American Academy of Pediatrics is wrong to blame alcohol advertising for the actions of underage teens who willingly break the law to drink illegally," he said.
Critics of advertising restrictions say it is a free-speech issue.
But the academy notes that several Western countries, including Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Belgium and Greece, limit ads directed at children.
"What kind of society exploits its children and teenagers for money? This is an example of where public health really has to trump capitalism," said Victor Strasburger, lead author of the policy statement and an adolescent medicine specialist at the University of New Mexico in Albuquerque.
Advertising aimed at children has come under increasing scrutiny in recent years, particularly because of data showing that growing numbers of US children are obese.
Last year, the Institute of Medicine agreed that evidence suggesting that TV ads contribute to childhood obesity was compelling.
And in September, the Federal Communications Commission said it would study potential links between TV ads and rising rates of obesity in US children.
The food industry has started to respond.
Two weeks ago, McDonald's joined nine major food and drink companies in vowing to promote more healthy foods.
And Kraft Foods has said it would curb ads to young children for snack foods.
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