Nearly 20 years after their loved ones died in the worst terror strike prior to the Sept. 11 attacks, relatives of 329 people killed in an Air India jet bombing are at last in sight of justice.
Two orthodox Sikhs will learn in March whether they will be found guilty of the 1985 outrage. Their trial ended Friday after sapping millions of dollars from Canadian coffers.
Justice Ian Bruce Josephson, who heard the case without a jury, will rule on March 16.
That will be nearly two decades after suitcase bombs, which allegedly originated in western Canada, killed two baggage handlers in Japan and 329 passengers on Air India Flight 182 off the Irish coast.
Even before the verdict is pronounced, relatives of the 331 victims are calling for a public inquiry.
Earlier calls for an official probe were stymied by the criminal investigation, and eventual trial of Ajaib Singh Bagri and Ripudaman Singh Malik. The two accused, immigrants from Punjab, were each charged with eight charges of murder and conspiracy.
The massive case was the largest and most complex in Canadian history, with 18 months of pre-trial hearings, numerous related court hearings and a 19-month trial involving 113 witnesses and millions of documents.
The trial itself took place behind bullet-resistant glass in a specially-built underground bunker of a courtroom in this west coast city.
Prosecutors said Bagri and Malik were religious Sikh fundamentalists who used violence to achieve their political goals.
Their motive in the bombings, said prosecution spokesman Geoffrey Gaul, was to avenge India's 1984 attack on the Golden Temple in Amritsar, and fight for an independent Sikh homeland to be called Khalistan.
Prosecutors say two suitcase bombs were checked onto planes leaving Vancouver, connecting with Air India flights to London and Bangkok and New Delhi.
On June 23, 1985, the first bomb killed two baggage handlers at Japan's Narita airport, as they transferred it to Air India Flight 201. The second exploded 54 minutes later aboard Air India Flight 182, killing all 329 aboard.
Defense lawyers maintain their clients are innocent and prosecution witnesses were either lying or delusional.
"The witnesses weren't credible," said Malik's lawyer David Crossin. "Their case collapsed."
So far, only Inderjit Singh Reyat, an immigrant to Canada, has been punished for the 1985 terrorism. He was convicted in 1991 for providing materials for the bomb at Tokyo's Narita airport.
Last year, he also pled guilty to manslaughter in the Flight 182 bombing. He is serving two sentences totalling 15 years. The alleged mastermind of the plot, Tarwinder Singh Parma, died in a 1992 police shootout in India.
With the trial of Bagri and Malik now over, it's past time for an inquiry into the bombings, said Perviz Madon, whose husband Sam, a college professor, died aboard Air India on June 23, 1985.
"I am so tired, but we need the answers," said Madon.
Relatives believe that if the details of the Air India bombings had emerged immediately, global airline practices would have changed before the 1988 bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland, in which 270 people died.
In both disasters, critics blamed lax airport and airline security.
A public inquiry would also investigate how police and intelligence agents handled the Air India case, which was plagued by infighting between agencies and the erasure of evidence.
Meanwhile, two potential witnesses were assassinated even before charges were laid. Fear of intimidation in Canada's immigrant Sikh community has led to police protection for several prosecution witnesses.
Chinese President Xi Jinping (習近平) is to visit Russia next month for a summit of the BRICS bloc of developing economies, Chinese Minister of Foreign Affairs Wang Yi (王毅) said on Thursday, a move that comes as Moscow and Beijing seek to counter the West’s global influence. Xi’s visit to Russia would be his second since the Kremlin sent troops into Ukraine in February 2022. China claims to take a neutral position in the conflict, but it has backed the Kremlin’s contentions that Russia’s action was provoked by the West, and it continues to supply key components needed by Moscow for
Japan scrambled fighter jets after Russian aircraft flew around the archipelago for the first time in five years, Tokyo said yesterday. From Thursday morning to afternoon, the Russian Tu-142 aircraft flew from the sea between Japan and South Korea toward the southern Okinawa region, the Japanese Ministry of Defense said in a statement. They then traveled north over the Pacific Ocean and finished their journey off the northern island of Hokkaido, it added. The planes did not enter Japanese airspace, but flew over an area subject to a territorial dispute between Japan and Russia, a ministry official said. “In response, we mobilized Air Self-Defense
CRITICISM: ‘One has to choose the lesser of two evils,’ Pope Francis said, as he criticized Trump’s anti-immigrant policies and Harris’ pro-choice position Pope Francis on Friday accused both former US president Donald Trump and US Vice President Kamala Harris of being “against life” as he returned to Rome from a 12-day tour of the Asia-Pacific region. The 87-year-old pontiff’s comments on the US presidential hopefuls came as he defied health concerns to connect with believers from the jungle of Papua New Guinea to the skyscrapers of Singapore. It was Francis’ longest trip in duration and distance since becoming head of the world’s nearly 1.4 billion Roman Catholics more than 11 years ago. Despite the marathon visit, he held a long and spirited
China would train thousands of foreign law enforcement officers to see the world order “develop in a more fair, reasonable and efficient direction,” its minister for public security has said. “We will [also] send police consultants to countries in need to conduct training to help them quickly and effectively improve their law enforcement capabilities,” Chinese Minister of Public Security Wang Xiaohong (王小洪) told an annual global security forum. Wang made the announcement in the eastern city of Lianyungang on Monday in front of law enforcement representatives from 122 countries, regions and international organizations such as Interpol. The forum is part of ongoing