The hot question of whether dinosaurs were warm-blooded like birds and mammals or cold blooded like reptiles, fish and amphibians finally has a good answer. Dinosaurs were in fact somewhere in between.
The study, published in the journal Science, assessed 21 species of dinosaurs including super predators Tyrannosaurus and Allosaurus, long-necked Apatosaurus, duckbilled Tenontosaurus and bird-like Troodon as well as a range of mammals, birds, bony fish, sharks, lizards, snakes and crocodiles.
“Our results showed that dinosaurs had growth and metabolic rates that were actually not characteristic of warm-blooded or even cold-blooded organisms. They did not act like mammals or birds nor did they act like reptiles or fish,” said University of Arizona evolutionary biologist and ecologist Brian Enquist.
Photo: Reuters
照片：路透社
“Instead, they had growth rates and metabolisms intermediate to warm-blooded and cold-blooded organisms of today. In short, they had physiologies that are not common in today’s world.”
University of New Mexico biologist John Grady said the idea that creatures must be either warm-blooded or cold-blooded is too simplistic when looking over the vast expanse of time. Like dinosaurs, some animals alive today like the great white shark, leatherback sea turtle and tuna do not fit easily into either category, Grady added.
(Reuters)
恐龍是否像鳥或哺乳類是溫血的，還是像爬蟲類、魚與兩棲類是冷血的熱門問題，最終有了好答案。事實上，恐龍是介於兩者之間。
這項發表在《科學》期刊的研究，評估包括超級掠食者暴龍和異特龍、長頸的雷龍、禽龍類的腱龍以及類似鳥的鋸齒龍等二十一種恐龍，以及一系列哺乳類、鳥類、硬骨魚、鯊魚、蜥蜴、蛇類與鱷魚。
「我們的結果顯示，恐龍的成長與代謝率實際上非屬典型的溫血或甚至冷血生物。牠們的運作不像哺乳類或鳥類，也不像爬蟲類或魚類。」亞歷桑納大學演化生物學家與生態學家恩奎斯特說。
「他們反而具有介於現今溫血與冷血生物的成長率與新陳代謝。簡言之，他們的生理機能在當今世界並不常見。」
新墨西哥大學生物學家葛雷迪表示，當檢視浩瀚的時間時，恐龍一定不是溫血就是冷血的觀點過於簡單。如同恐龍，現存的一些動物，如大白鯊、稜皮龜與鮪魚無法輕易的劃分為任一類別，葛雷迪補充說。
（路透／翻譯：魏國金）
A: Apart from the Taipei Music Center’s exhibit and concert, US pop rock band OneRepublic and rapper Doja Cat are touring Kaohsiung this weekend. B: OneRepublic is so popular that after tonight’s show at the K-Arena, they are set to return to Taiwan again in March next year. A: And Doja will also perform at the same venue on Sunday, right? B: Yup. Her collab with Blackpink’s Lisa and singer Raye for the song “Born Again” has been a huge worldwide success. A: Doja even made it on Time magazine’s “100 Most Influential People” list in 2023. She’s so cool. A: 本週末除了北流的特展和演唱會外，美國男團共和世代和饒舌歌手蜜桃貓朵佳也將來台開唱。 B: 共和世代因太受歡迎，繼今晚高雄巨蛋的演唱會後，預計明年3月即將再度來台巡演唷。 A: 朵佳本週日將在同場地開唱，對不對？
A: What show are you watching online? B: I’m watching “Fly Me to the Moon & Back” – an exhibition launched by the Taipei Music Center (TMC) to commemorate the late singer Tom Chang. A: Known for his sky-high notes, Chang is praised as one of the best singers in the 1990s. His death at the age of 31 was a major loss indeed. B: And I’m so glad that we went to the TMC’s 90s-themed concert last Friday. I finally saw the iconic “Godmother of Rock” WaWa perform live. A: This year-end show also featured singers Princess Ai, Bii, Wayne Huang, PoLin and
Just like fingerprints, your breathing patterns may serve as a definitive identifier. In a recent study, scientists have demonstrated an astonishing 96.8% accuracy in identifying individuals based on their respiratory patterns. This revelation could open up new possibilities in biometrics and personalized health monitoring. The notion of using individual breathing patterns as a distinct biological signature has long been a topic of discussion within the respiratory science community, yet a practical method for measurement remained elusive. This changed with the invention of a tiny, wearable device capable of extended recording. Researchers deployed a lightweight tube designed to fit inside
Continued from yesterday（延續自昨日) The study also uncovered a correlation between breathing patterns and mental well-being. Participants with higher scores on anxiety questionnaires exhibited shorter inhalation periods and more frequent breath pauses during sleep. “We intuitively assume that how depressed or anxious you are changes the way you breathe,” says one researcher involved in the study. “But it might be the other way around.” If this proves true, then training people to adjust their breathing may offer a novel approach to managing conditions like anxiety or depression. 該項研究也揭露了呼吸模式與心理健康之間的關聯。在焦慮問卷得分較高的受試者於睡眠期間表現出的吸氣時間較為短促、呼吸中止更為頻繁。一位參與研究的學者表示：「我們直覺地認為憂鬱或焦慮的程度會改變你的呼吸方式，但有可能是反過來的情況。」如果這一假設得到證實，那麼訓練人們調整呼吸的方式，可能會成為管理焦慮或憂鬱等疾病的新穎方法。 What Did You Learn? 1. What problem did scientists previously face when trying to measure breathing patterns? 2.
RSS