Global childhood vaccination levels have stalled, leaving millions more children unvaccinated or undervaccinated than before the COVID-19 pandemic, the UN said yesterday, warning of dangerous coverage gaps enabling outbreaks of diseases such as measles.
Last year, 84 percent of children, or 108 million, received three doses of the vaccine against diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis (DTP), with the third dose serving as a key marker for global immunization coverage, according to data published by the UN health and children’s agencies.
That was the same percentage as a year earlier, meaning that modest progress seen in 2022 after the steep drop during the COVID-19 crisis has “stalled,” the organizations said.
Photo: Reuters
The rate was 86 percent in 2019 before the pandemic.
“The latest trends demonstrate that many countries continue to miss far too many children,” UNICEF Executive Director Catherine Russell said in a joint statement.
The organizations found that 2.7 million additional children remained unvaccinated or undervaccinated last year compared with pre-pandemic levels in 2019.
“We are off track,” WHO vaccine chief Kate O’Brien told reporters. “Global immunization coverage has yet to fully recover from the historic backsliding that we saw during the course of the pandemic.”
Not only has progress stalled, but the number of so-called zero-dose children, who have not received a single jab, rose to 14.5 million last year from 13.9 million in 2022 and from 12.8 million in 2019, the data showed.
“This puts the lives of the most vulnerable children at risk,” O’Brien said.
Even more concerning is that more than half of the world’s unvaccinated children live in 31 nations with fragile, conflict-affected settings, where they are especially vulnerable to contracting preventable diseases due to lacking access to security, nutrition and health services.
Children in such nations are also far more likely to miss out on the necessary follow-up jabs.
The data showed that 6.5 million children worldwide did not complete their third dose of the DTP vaccine, which is necessary to achieve disease protection in infancy and early childhood.
The WHO and UNICEF voiced additional concern over lagging vaccination against measles — one of the world’s most infectious diseases — amid an exploding number of outbreaks around the world.
“Measles outbreaks are the canary in the coalmine, exposing and exploiting gaps in immunization and hitting the most vulnerable first,” WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said in the statement.
Last year, only 83 percent of children worldwide received their first dose of the measles vaccine through routine health services — the same level as in 2022, but down from 86 percent before the pandemic.
Only 74 percent received their second necessary dose, while 95 percent coverage is needed to prevent outbreaks, the organizations said.
“This is still too low to prevent outbreaks and achieve elimination goals,” UNICEF immunization chief Ephrem Lemango told reporters.
He said that more than 300,000 measles cases were confirmed last year — nearly three times as many as a year earlier — and 103 nations have suffered outbreaks in the past five years, with low vaccination coverage of 80 percent or lower seen as a major factor.
By contrast, 91 nations with strong measles vaccine coverage experienced no outbreaks.
“Alarmingly, nearly three in four infants live in places at the greatest risk of measles outbreaks,” Lemango said, adding that 10 crisis-wracked nations, including Sudan, Yemen and Afghanistan, account for more than half of children not vaccinated against measles.
On a more positive note, strong increases were seen in vaccination against the cervical cancer-causing HPV virus, but that vaccine is still only reaching 56 percent of adolescent girls in high-income nations and 23 percent in lower-income nations — far below the 90 percent target.
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