The world is set to face 1.5 disasters a day — 560 a year — by 2030, as humans put themselves on a “spiral of self-destruction” by heating up the climate and ignoring risk, pushing millions more people into poverty, the UN said yesterday.
In the past two decades, between 350 and 500 medium-sized to major disasters were recorded annually, but governments are “fundamentally” underestimating their true impact on lives and livelihoods, a biennial UN report on disasters said.
“Raising the alarm by speaking the truth is not only necessary, but crucial,” said Mami Mizutori, head of the UN Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR), which published the Global Assessment Report 2022.
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“The science is clear. It is less costly to take action before a disaster devastates than to wait until destruction is done and respond after it has happened,” she said.
The UN-backed Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change warned this year that climate change impacts, from heat to drought and flooding, are set to become more frequent and intense, damaging nature, people and the places they live, but measures to slash planet-heating emissions and adapt to global warming are both lagging, it said.
The UNDRR report said increasingly frequent and intense disasters have killed or affected more people in the past five years than in the previous five-year period, and could push an additional 100 million people into poverty by 2030.
The report covers different types of disasters caused by natural hazards — from floods, droughts and storms to earthquakes and epidemics.
“The world needs to do more to incorporate disaster risk in how we live, build and invest, which is setting humanity on a spiral of self-destruction,” UN Deputy Secretary-General Amina Mohammed said in a statement.
Disasters have cost an average of about US$170 billion a year in the past decade, the report said, with developing nations and their poorest people suffering disproportionately.
Those nations already lose an average of 1 percent of their GDP a year to disasters — 10 times more than high-income nations, the report said.
Nations in the Asia-Pacific region are worst hit, with a 1.6 percent annual GDP dent, said the report, published ahead of a global disaster forum on the Indonesian island of Bali next month.
In the Philippines, for example, millions of people are still recovering from Typhoon Rai, which struck in December last year, killing more than 300 people and leaving hundreds of thousands more displaced, along with about US$500 million in damages.
To help the most vulnerable groups, politicians and decisionmakers must commit to more ambitious climate policies and accelerate the shift to green energy, said Mary Joy Gonzales, a project manager at aid agency CARE Philippines.
“The most at-risk to extreme climate events and natural hazards are those living in urban poor communities, marginalized rural areas and isolated locations,” she said.
Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre director Maarten van Aalst said nations must stop “managing each crisis as a separate surprise,” and instead invest in building systems that can help people cope with climate threats.
“Sadly, those who are worst affected have the least resources to address the increasing hazards,” he said. “To really reduce risk, we must also reduce inequalities.”
With many developing nations still grappling with the economic impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic, on top of rising debts and inflation, Mizutori called for more global help.
“These countries are in need of much greater international support so that they can prioritize prevention from multiple disaster risks and build their resilience,” she said.
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