A series of detailed maps have laid bare the scale of possible forest fires, floods, droughts and deluges that Europe could face by the end of the century without urgent action to adapt to and confront global warming.
An average 1m rise in sea levels by the end of the century — without any flood prevention action — would mean 90 percent of the surface of the English city of Hull would be under water, the European Environment Agency (EEA) has said.
English cities including Norwich, Margate, Southend-on-Sea, Runcorn and Blackpool could also experience flooding covering more than 40 percent of the urban area.
Photo: AP
Across the North Sea, Dutch cities including the Hague, Rotterdam and Leiden were predicted to face severe floods from an average 1m sea level rise, which is forecast if emissions rise 4°C to 6°C above pre-industrial levels.
The model does not account for the Netherlands’ extensive flood prevention measures, although many other countries have not taken such action.
Meanwhile, large areas of Spain, Portugal and France would be grappling with desertification, with the worst affected zones experiencing a two-and-half-fold increase in droughts under the worst-case scenario.
Hotter summers increase the risk of forest fires, which hit record levels in Sweden in 2018. If emissions exceed 4°C, France, southern Germany, the Balkans and the Arctic Circle could experience a greatly increased fire risk.
However, the absolute fire danger would remain highest in southern European countries, which are already prone to blazes.
Further north, winters are becoming wetter. Failure to limit global warming below 2°C could mean a swath of central and eastern Europe, from Bratislava in the west to Yaroslavl, Russia, in the east, would be in line for sharp increase in “heavy rain events” during autumn and winter by the end of the century.
In some areas of central and eastern Europe there is predicted to be a 35 percent increase in heavy rain events, meaning torrential downpours would be more frequent.
While the climate data have been published before, this is the first time the EU agency has presented it using detailed maps on one site.
Users can zoom in on small areas, for example, to discover that one-third of the London borough of Hammersmith and Fulham could be exposed to flooding by 2071.
The agency hopes the maps will reach decisionmakers in governments and EU institutions, who would not usually read a lengthy EEA report on the impact of the climate emergency.
“It’s very urgent and we need to act now,” said Blaz Kurnik, an EEA expert in climate change impacts and adaptation.
Even if countries succeed in restricting global temperature rise, existing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere would still have an effect, he said.
“The number of extreme events and sea level rise will still continue to increase for the next decades to a century,” Kurnik said.
“Sea level rise, especially, can be problematic, because it is still increasing because of past emissions and the current concentration of greenhouse gases,” he added.
The agency wants governments to focus on adapting to unavoidable global warming.
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