US President Donald Trump’s administration on Tuesday hit China over its rights record, placing the nation alongside Sudan and North Korea on a list of the world’s worst human trafficking offenders.
The US Department of State downgraded China in its annual Trafficking in Persons Report, saying Beijing is doing little to combat the phenomenon or protect its victims.
It pointed to ethnic Uighurs, a Muslim minority in China’s west, being coerced into forced labor and to Beijing’s wholesale repatriation of North Koreans without checking to see if they were trafficking victims.
Beijing “does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking and is not making significant efforts to do so,” the report unveiled in Washington by US Secretary of State Rex Tillerson said.
It marked the first significant rebuke of China’s rights record by the Trump administration, which has avoided harsh criticism of Beijing as the president seeks to establish a working relationship over deep trade differences and North Korea’s nuclear program.
The release of the annual report also appeared to signal the Trump administration’s closer embrace of human rights issues as an integral part of its foreign policy.
The five-month-old government has been reticent to highlight rights issues, keeping its focus on more narrowly defined security and economic interests.
Speaking at the report’s launch, Ivanka Trump, the president’s daughter and White House assistant, said all governments have the responsibility to prosecute human traffickers.
“Human trafficking is a pervasive human rights issue,” she said. “Ending human trafficking is a major foreign policy priority for the Trump administration.”
The report placed the Republic of the Congo, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DR Congo), Guinea and Mali on its list of 23 “Tier 3” countries with the worst human trafficking records, which also includes Russia, Iran, Syria and Venezuela.
The DR Congo and Mali were singled out for not taking action against the use of child soldiers; Congo was named as a key source and destination country for the trafficking of children, men and women into forced labor and sex networks.
Tillerson said that about 20 million people worldwide are victims of human trafficking, benefiting rogue governments, organized crime and established businesses unaware of forced labor in their supply chains.
“When state actors or non-state actors use human trafficking, it becomes a threat to our national security,” Tillerson said.
“We hope the 21st century will be the last century of human trafficking,” he said.
Tillerson singled out North Korea as one of the most egregious offenders, saying the country has forced 50,000 to 80,000 people to work abroad, mainly in China and Russia, while their pay goes directly to the government.
“The North Korean regime receives hundreds of millions of dollars per year from the fruits of forced labor,” he said.
He tied China’s downgrade in part to its acceptance of laborers from North Korea.
“Responsible nations cannot allow this to go on,” he said.
Meanwhile, Afghanistan was upgraded for its crackdown on the abuse of boys for social and sexual entertainment, and for providing shelters for rescued children.
Myanmar, heavily criticized in the past for its large numbers of child soldiers, was removed from among the worst offenders to the “Tier 2 Watch List” for its efforts to halt the practice.
However, the elimination of Myanmar and Iraq from a special list of countries that use child soldiers brought a strong condemnation from Human Rights Watch (HRW), which called the State Department’s claim of their improvement a “lie.”
The move “flies in the face of evidence that both governments are still complicit in child soldier use,” HRW’s advocacy director for children’s rights Jo Becker said.
“The US provides Iraq with billions of dollars of military assistance each year; in exchange, it should insist the government put an end to child recruitment by its units. Instead, the State Department isn’t even acknowledging Iraq has a child soldier problem,” she said.
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