Philippine President Benigno Aquino III said on Tuesday his nation will stick up for its territorial rights in the disputed South China Sea and voiced concern that a recent mission by two Chinese survey ships could presage an attempt to drill for oil there.
In an interview with The Associated Press, Aquino said that all nations that ply the South China Sea, a major conduit for world trade, should also be concerned about intimidatory behavior by China, which claims most of resource-rich waters for itself.
The Philippines, a treaty US ally, has riled China by challenging its expansive maritime claims at an international tribunal.
The leader of the outgunned Southeast Asian nation hoped that a ruling could clarify the legality of China’s claims and could serve to “level the playing field” and reduce tensions.
Although it is a signatory to the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, like the Philippines, China refuses to answer the case, maintaining the tribunal lacks the adequate jurisdiction.
A lawyer representing the Philippines has said a ruling is not expected before early 2016.
Speaking on the sidelines of a gathering of world leaders at the UN, Aquino showed images of what he said was land reclamation by China off the Johnson Reef within the Philippines’ 200 nautical mile (370km) exclusive economic zone (EEZ), over the past two years.
In another area, known as Reed Bank, which lies about 80 nautical miles from the southern Philippine island of Palawan, Aquino said China had sent two hydrographic ships in June.
He said the Philippines was uncertain of their purpose, but wondered if China was planning to dispatch an oil rig that was sent earlier this year to waters claimed by Vietnam, causing a spike in tensions. He said perhaps China was just mapping terrain for its submarines.
“What is clear is that there were two ships which were performing certain measurements in this feature which is part of the Philippines EEZ,” Aquino said.
The Philippines said last month it was making a diplomatic protest to China.
China’s mission at the UN did not immediately respond on Tuesday to a request for comment.
China says its South China Sea claims have a historical basis. Along with Taiwan, the Philippines, Vietnam, Brunei and Malaysia, it has been contesting ownership of mostly barren islands, islets, reefs and surrounding waters there for decades. However, as its economic and military power has grown, China has acted with growing brio, declaring administrative oversight of disputed areas and control of fisheries.
“It’s a matter of [Philippine] national concern, but it’s not just our concern. We believe that besides the claimant countries it affects everybody who has to traverse the South China Sea,” Aquino said.
Since Aquino took power in 2010, he has moved to strengthen the weak Philippine military. He reached an agreement in April with the US to allow possibly thousands of US forces temporary access to selected military camps and preposition fighter jets and ships. The agreement faces a legal challenge in the Philippines and it remains unclear when the first new deployments of US forces will begin.
“The bottom line is they [US forces] cannot be permanently stationed in the Philippines,” he said.
Aquino’s government has also reached a peace deal with the Philippines’ largest Muslim insurgency group, and is proposing under pending legislation to give Muslims on the deprived southern island of Mindanao the ability to run their own government under their own flag.
The US and other Western governments back the autonomy deal, partly to prevent the insurgency from breeding extremists who could threaten their countries.
Aquino said that the Islamic State (IS) group, whose rise in Iraq and Syria has prompted US-led airstrikes, could still pose a threat in Southeast Asia.
However, the president said that although some Islamic rebel groups have pledged allegiance to IS, they are primarily driven by local concerns and he is not aware of any Filipinos joining that fight. He said the 11,000-strong Moro Islamic Liberation Front, which reached the peace deal, says it will resist any attempted incursions by IS within its areas.
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