Thu, Mar 14, 2013 page6

• Last survivor of plot to kill Adolf Hitler dies at 90

  • AP, BERLIN
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  As a 22-year-old German army lieutenant, Ewald-Heinrich von Kleist volunteered to wear a suicide vest to a meeting with Adolf Hitler and to blow himself up along with the Nazi dictator.

  The assassination did not come to pass, but Von Kleist went on to play a key role in the most famous attempt on Hitler later that same year and was the last surviving member of the group of German officers who tried and failed to kill the Fuehrer on July 20, 1944.

  Von Kleist died on Friday last week at age 90 at his home in Munich, Germany, said his wife, Gundula von Kleist.

  Von Kleist was born on July 10, 1922, on his family estate Schmenzin in Pomerania, in an area of northeastern Germany that is now Poland.

  The Von Kleist family was a long line of Prussian landowners, who had served the state for centuries in high-ranking military and administrative positions.

  Von Kleist’s father, Ewald von Kleist, was an early opponent of Hitler, even before he came to power, and was arrested many times after the Nazi dictator took control in 1933. The elder Von Kleist famously traveled to England in 1938, the year before World War II broke out, to try and determine whether other Western nations would support a coup attempt against Hitler, but failed to get the British government to change its policy of appeasement.

  Despite his family’s opposition to the Nazis, the younger Von Kleist joined the German army in 1940 and was wounded in 1943 in fighting on the Eastern Front.

  During his convalescence, he was approached in January 1944 by Colonel Claus von Stauffenberg, another officer from an aristocratic family, and presented with a plan to kill Hitler. Von Kleist had been chosen as the officer to model a new uniform for Hitler and Von Stauffenberg proposed that he wear a suicide vest underneath, and detonate it next to the dictator.

  Years later, Von Kleist remembered explaining the suicide plot to his father, who paused only briefly, before telling his 22-year-old son: “Yes, you have to do this.”

  “Fathers love their sons and mine certainly did, and I had been quite sure he would say no, but, as always, I had underestimated him,” Von Kleist recalled.

  The suicide attack plan never came to fruition.

  However, months later, Von Kleist was approached again by Von Stauffenberg to take part in what would become known as the July 20 plot — for the day in 1944 that the assassination was attempted.

  Von Kleist was supposed to play a key role as the person who was to carry a briefcase packed with explosives to a meeting with Hitler. In a change of plan, though, Von Stauffenberg decided to plant the bomb himself.

  Von Stauffenberg placed the bomb in a conference room where Hitler was meeting with his aides and military advisers at his East Prussian headquarters. Hitler escaped the full force of the blast when someone moved the briefcase next to a table leg, deflecting much of the explosive force.

  Von Kleist remained in Berlin, charged with overseeing the arrest of officers and officials loyal to Hitler in the city, but when news spread that Hitler had survived, the plot crumbled and Von Stauffenberg, Von Kleist’s father, and scores of others were arrested and executed in an orgy of revenge killings. Some were hanged by the neck with piano wire. Von Stauffenberg was shot by a firing squad.

  Von Kleist himself was arrested, questioned at length by the Gestapo, and sent to a concentration camp, but then inexplicably let go and returned to combat duty.

  His wife said funeral services would be private.

  “My husband didn’t want anything big,” she said.
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