Sitting between two of her sons, frail and wrinkled Pan Xianying (潘先英) does not at first glance look like a tourist attraction.
However, the mother of seven, now nearly a century old, is one of three remaining members of a famed Chinese Communist Party (CCP) all-women army unit and a living attraction on a “red” tour of the island province of Hainan.
As the CCP marks the 90th anniversary of its founding on July 1, a wave of officially encouraged interest in the revolutionary era has bubbled up — even on Hainan, which is known more for its luxury hotels and beaches.
Photo: AFP
“She’s not feeling too good today,” one of Pan’s sons said apologetically as his mother, her white hair in a neat bob, spoke in her local dialect, sometimes raising her voice in apparent confusion.
Pan’s family believes she is about 95 — accurate Hainan birth records from those days are hard to come by — and was about 15 when she joined a newly created all-women army unit in 1931.
A young local Communist had formed the battalion in Hainan in a push for gender equality.
Created to protect CCP leaders and fight Chinese Nationalist Party (KMT) forces during China’s protracted civil war, the unit — composed of 140 women at its height — disbanded several years later when the KMT drove the CCP underground in Hainan.
However, its members were hailed once again as heroines after CCP leader Mao Zedong’s (毛澤東) victorious forces took over China in 1949 and the unit has since inspired a popular ballet — The Red Detachment of Women — and several films.
Authorities in the rural community of Qionghai decided to capitalize on the detachment’s fame this year with tours of its former training grounds and meeting spots.
Besides old revolutionary sites, outdoor sports such as hiking are also on offer.
The hikes are billed as instilling army-style camaraderie among tour members and follow a route that Red Army soldiers are said to have struggled through.
“When you read written records in books, it doesn’t give you much of a feeling for things,” said “red tourist” Zhao Kexin, a 20-year-old university student from the nearby city of Haikou who paid 138 yuan (US$21) for a one-day tour. “You have to go experience it yourself, what the route was like, how difficult it was to go through.”
The tour guides sport -revolutionary-style green caps complete with a red star, which visitors can buy for 10 yuan. They can also choose to wear a full soldier’s uniform for 100 yuan.
“Red” tourism is not new in China, where the party has deftly managed to keep alive memories of the Communist revolution even as it has transformed the country into an economic powerhouse.
The Hunan Province city of Shaoshan where Mao was born and the longtime CCP base of Yan’an in Shaanxi Province are already star attractions.
However, the trend is gaining ground. In of Chongqing, authorities have ordered state radio and television to promote the mass study of “red songs” praising the CCP.
Citizens are being urged to download tunes from Web sites, while newspapers print their lyrics, state media reported. Other cities have made similar moves.
In Qionghai, tourists can meet Pan at her home nestled in a palm grove.
Her sons regale visitors with her story, like when Pan fought for a day and a night, losing many comrades.
Chen Doushu, head of the agency organizing the tours, said red tourism reflects a desire by many to look fondly back at the past after more than 30 years of focus on the future during China’s rapid recent modernization.
“Chinese people cannot forget their history and the best way to do that is to go and remember it, to study it. That’s where red tourism comes from,” he said.
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