The US government moved on Wednesday to outlaw five chemicals used in herbal blends to make the synthetic marijuana sold in drug paraphernalia shops and on the Internet to a growing number of teens and young adults.
Responding to the latest designer drug fad, the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) began the 30-day process to put the chemicals in the same drug category as heroin and cocaine. The agency acted after receiving since last year increasing numbers of reports about the products from poison centers, hospitals and law enforcement agencies.
The five chemicals mimic THC, the active ingredient in marijuana, and are not approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for human consumption.
DEA spokeswoman Barbara Carreno said makers of fake pot blends — including Spice, K2, Blaze and Red X Dawn — label the mixtures as incense to try to hide their intended purpose.
Ultimately, Carreno said, the blends are smoked like real marijuana to produce a high and are making users across the country sick.
The DEA action, posted in the Federal Register, would outlaw the five chemicals in 30 days “to avoid an imminent hazard to the public safety.”
Fifteen states have already banned or regulated one or more of the chemicals.
The DEA said it first became aware of the new designer drugs in November 2008 when the US Customs and Border Protection Agency analyzed the brand Spice.
As of Sept. 27, the American Association of Poison Control Centers has reported receiving more than 1,500 calls from 48 states and the District of Columbia about products spiked with the drugs, the DEA said.
White House Drug Policy Director Gil Kerlikowske said that at a time when youth drug use is on the rise, “it is critical that parents act today to talk to young people about the harms of drug use, including synthetic marijuana products like Spice and K2 that are marketed as incense.”
In a statement, Kerlikowske added: “Until the risks associated with ingesting these products and chemicals can be studied and understood, there is no place for them on the shelves of any legitimate business.”
John Huffman, a retired organic chemistry researcher from Clemson University, first developed three of the soon-to-be-banned compounds as part of his research sponsored by the National Institute on Drug Abuse in 1993. He said on Wednesday the chemicals were never intended to be used by people.
Huffman said the compounds were developed to study how compounds that mimic THC, but have very different chemical formulas, interact with the brain. Huffman said they were tested only on animals.
“They are dangerous and anyone who uses them is stupid,” Huffman said in a telephone interview.
Huffman said there have been reports of overdoses, suicides, hallucinations, seizures and cases of addiction.
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