1. 事故在昨天下午發生。
ˇ The accident happened yesterday afternoon.
χ The accident was happened yesterday afternoon.
Photo: AdobeStock l 圖片:AdobeStock
註︰happen, belong, disappear, fail 是不及物動詞，不能用被動語態。詞組 to break out, to take place 也是如此。
2. 在維多利亞時代，民主是有錢人的特權。
ˇ In the Victorian Age, democratic privileges belonged to the rich only.
Photo: AdobeStock l 圖片:AdobeStock
χ In the Victorian Age, democratic privileges was belonged to the rich only.
註︰belong 是不及物動詞，不能用被動語態。
3. 他雖然一句話也沒說，可是心裏感覺自己是失敗了。
ˇ Though he didn’t say a word, in his heart he felt he had failed.
χ Though he didn’t say a word, in his heart he felt he was failed.
註︰fail 是不及物動詞，不能用被動語態。
4. 我們雖然遭受嚴重的天然災害，但一定能克服困難。
ˇ Though we suffer from serious natural disasters, we are sure to overcome all difficulties.
χ Though we are suffered from serious natural disasters, we are sure to overcome all difficulties.
註︰「遭受」、「經過」、「經歷」在中文中有被動意思，但英語 undergo, suffer, pass 應用主動語態。
5. 他在幼年時代經歷了許多苦難。
ˇ He underwent many hardships during his childhood.
χ He was undergone many hardships during his childhood.
註︰undergo 應用主動語態，不能用被動語態。
Exercises:
A. 他的第一次嘗試己經失敗。
He __________ in his first attempt.
1. had been failed 2. had failed 3. was failed
B. 我能占用你幾分鐘嗎？
The town __________ a great change during the period of the revolution.
1. was undergone 2. underwent 3. undergo
Answers: A. 2 B. 2
文章由書林出版公司提供：
www.bookman.com.tw
蘇正隆 — 台灣翻譯學學會前理事長、師大翻譯研究所兼任副教授; 編著《走讀自然.花言樹語》，《英語的對與錯》，《世紀病毒：必讀防疫英文知識與詞彙》...等。國家教育研究院中英雙語詞彙審議委員；研究領域為翻譯、術語及詞典編譯，從事植物與人文導覽數十年，亦曾應邀遠赴國外大學做植物人文導覽。
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