Five thousand people a month are dying in Syria’s war, which has now generated the worst refugee crisis since the 1994 Rwandan genocide, UN officials said on Tuesday.
A host of top officials called on the divided UN Security Council to take stronger action to deal with the fallout from the two-year-old conflict, in which up to 100,000 people are believed to have died. “The extremely high rate of killings nowadays — approximately 5,000 a month — demonstrates the drastic deterioration of the conflict,” UN Assistant Secretary-General for Human Rights Ivan Simonovic told a council meeting.
“In Syria today, serious human rights violations, war crimes and crimes against humanity are the rule,” Simonovic said.
Nearly 1.8 million people are now registered with the UN in countries around Syria and an average of 6,000 people a day are now fleeing, UN High Commissioner for Refugees Antonio Guterres said.
“We have not seen a refugee outflow escalate at such a frightening rate since the Rwandan genocide almost 20 years ago,” Guterres added.
More than 2 million Rwandans fled the 1994 genocide, in which radical Hutus killed about 800,000 Tutsis and moderate Hutus in a period of about three months.
Guterres said the acceptance of refugees by Lebanon, Iraq, Jordan and other countries was “saving hundreds of thousands of lives.”
UN Under-Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs and Emergency Relief Coordinator Valerie Amos said the international community may have to consider cross-border operations to get aid into Syria.
Amos added that US$3.1 billion was still needed for operations in and around Syria for the rest of the year. She said 4 million people inside Syria need assistance and “considerable restraints” have been imposed on aid agencies by the government and rebel groups.
Amos highlighted the Old City in Homs, where the government has stepped up a siege in the past month. The UN estimates that 2,500 civilians are trapped there.
“Opposition groups have so far not enabled them safe passage to leave, and the government of Syria has refused to allow agencies to deliver assistance into the Old City,” she said.
Amos appealed for the lifting of bureaucratic obstacles, but also the designation of “priority humanitarian routes” and prior notification of military offensives.
Amos said there should be “humanitarian pauses” to allow aid access and “cross-border operations, as appropriate.”
The Syrian government is opposed to any cross-border aid, as is Russia, a veto-wielding member of the UN Security Council and a key international backer of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad.
Turkey, a staunch supporter of the rebels, backed the call for such aid.
“The council needs to consider alternative forms of aid delivery, including cross-border operations,” Turkish Deputy Ambassador to the UN Leven Eler said.
Eler said the Syria crisis was turning into “the biggest humanitarian tragedy of the 21st century.”
Lebanese Ambassador to the UN Nawaf Salam told the meeting it was “urgent” for the Security Council to act on the refugee crisis.
“Increasing cross-border fire and incursions from Syria in Lebanon are threatening the security and stability of my country,” he told the 15 ambassadors on the council.
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