Look closely at the winners of this year's Golden Horse awards and despite a "Chinese" appearance, they are a long way from being pure local product. As the Chinese-language film market in Taiwan and Honk Kong has continued to shrink over the past 10 years, filmmakers from the region cannot but seek international funding to make their films.
The involvement of multinational firms has given these Chinese-language productions a greater presence in the international film market. It has also tended to make the films hybrid productions. So despite the high quality of the films in this year's lineup, the winners reflect a worrying trend in the local film industry -- namely that locals have increasingly little control over supposedly "local" films.
PHOTO: COURTESY OF NEW ACTION ENTERTAINMENT
Take Ang Lee's (李安) Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (臥虎藏龍) for example. The US$15 million film is a co-production of Columbia Tristar Asia, its Taiwan's Zoom Hunt International (縱橫國際) and Good Machine. The film itself includes outstanding actors from Hong Kong, China and Taiwan, was shot in China with the cooperation of the Beijing Film Studio (北京電影制片廠), and its action sequences were choreographed by Hong Kong kungfu expert Yuan Wo-ping (袁和平). And finally, the film was given its sophisticated polish by Hollywood's computer graphics professionals. Most importantly for the film's success, Columbia Tristar's international promotional and distribution muscle made the film available to many people who might not otherwise watch a "Chinese" film.
PHOTO: TANG CHUNG-YIN, LIBERTY TIMES
Ann Hu's (胡安) Shadow Magic (西洋鏡) is another multinational production. It is funded and produced by four parties: Hu's own CNA Production, Road Movies Production based in Germany, Beijing Film Studio, and interestingly, Taiwan KMT's party enterprise, the Central Motion Picture Corporation (中央電影公司). The film's production reflects its story -- East meets West.
Even the seemingly pure Hong Kong movie In The Mood For Love (花樣年華) is also a hybrid. In The Mood was produced by Wong Kar-wai's (王家衛) Block 2 Production Company (澤東電影公司) with funds from Japan and Korea. Despite the acclaim and the awards, the film's box office record has not been as satisfactory -- just HK$7 million so far in Hong Kong. His work has done rather better in the larger markets of Korea, Japan and in Europe.
PHOTO: SHENG CHAO-LIANG, LIBERTY TIMES
It is believed that his next work 2046 will adopt the same funding pattern.
PHOTO: TAI LI-AN, LIBERTY TIMES
With the establishment of the Asian center for Columbia Tristar in Hong Kong early this year, some people obviously think that multinational funding for Chinese-language movies is the way of the future. In fact, Crouching Tiger is just one of Columbia Asia's investment in Asia for 2000. Another is Hong Kong director Tsui Hark's (徐克) Time and Tide, (順流逆流) and Columbia Asia is already committed to funding a film project by Taiwanese duo Chen Kuo-fu (陳國富) and Su Chao-pin (蘇照彬) next year.
Other Taiwanese directors are seeking funding elsewhere. Edward Yang's (楊德昌) Cannes award winner A One and A Two (一一) was funded by Japan's Polycanyon, and Tsai Ming-liang (蔡明亮), director of The River (河流) and The Hole (洞), winners at Berlin and Cannes, will have his new film funded by French distributors.
International budgets facilitate the recruitment of talent from across the Chinese-language world -- something that would have been impossible before. And Hollywood's powerful promotional machine is a guarantee for international publicity. But the strength of these outside agents only highlights the parlous situation of the local film industry, which local businesses seem unwilling to invest in.
In Taiwan, Central Motion Picture Corporation and Zoom Hunt International are probably the only two firms likely to continue their financial commitment to local films. But their relatively small size, (compared to the Hollywood studios) and limited promotion budget, mean that many more Taiwanese films are likely to be hybrids like Crouching Tiger. Purely local films, such as Chen Yi-wen (陳以文) and Chang Hua-kun's (張華坤) The Cabbie (運轉手之戀), haven't the promotional punch to survive for more than a few days in major cinemas, with predictably poor box office performance.
A new award category -- the Jury Prize -- has been established at the Golden Horse to encourage local filmmakers with a prize of NT$500,000. The need for such a move -- a kind of consolation prize for local films which simply cannot cut it in the major award categories -- is an embarrassing reflection of Taiwan's filmmaking environment.
With so much filmmaking talent around in the Chinese cinema, audiences can expect many more great films at future Gold Horse awards. Unfortunately, it is unlikely that many will be "made in Taiwan."
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