Smokers are finding themselves increasingly unwelcome in public areas throughout Europe as health fears over passive smoking require them to stub it out before entering more and more bars, restaurants and train stations.
Ireland, where smoke-filled pubs were long the center of social life, led the way with a total ban on smoking in public places imposed on March 29, 2004.
Since then Norway (not in the EU), Italy, Malta, Sweden and Scotland have followed suit, with the rest of Britain along with Lithuania set to fall in next year.
To the great surprise of many people, compliance with the public smoking ban in Ireland was running at 94 percent a year after it was introduced. Huddles of hardcore smokers quickly became a common sight puffing away around giant ashtrays placed outside bars.
Ireland's main opposition justice spokesman John Deasy, one of the stubborn 6 percent, was fired by his party leader after he smoked in the members bar of the Irish parliament.
In Rome, Italians wanting to smoke in public since the ban was introduced there in January last year wander out on to terraces and balconies in summer and winter alike.
On Tuesday a French parliamentary commission was due to publish its recommendations on the issue, with a government decision expected next week.
Paris has announced a delay in any legislation to allow bars, bistros and discos to prepare and adapt so that empty ashtrays don't mean empty tills.
Cigarette smoke in restaurants, bars and even hospitals makes France's public spaces among the unhealthiest in the world, according to new research released last week.
In 42 percent of French public spaces, the air quality was ranked as "dangerous" due to high smoke concentrations, said the study conducted by the Lyon-based International Center for Cancer Research and the Roswell Park Cancer Institute.
Only five countries -- Syria, Romania, Lebanon, Belgium and Singapore -- performed worse, according to the 24-nation study, which looked at bars, restaurants and nightclubs, as well as train stations, airports and hospitals.
However in most other EU nations public smoking bans are non-existent or full of holes that leave anti-tobacco campaigners fuming.
Governments throughout the bloc are still having the coffers versus coffins debate, weighing up the undeniable health benefits against the loss of tax revenues from cigarettes and cigars.
Smokers in Lithuania will be dealt a double blow from the start of next year, when they will be banned from smoking in public and will have to pay more for their addiction as tax on tobacco is hiked, a recent press report said.
New EU member Lithuania must increase excise on tobacco, as part of obligations to the bloc, which it joined in 2004. By 2010, excise must make up 57 percent of the price of the most popular brand of smokes in Lithuania, according to EU rules.
In Austria, where 37 percent of adults smoke -- one of the highest rates in the EU, where the average is 27 percent -- there is no ban at all on smoking in bars and restaurants.
In Germany any ban is the responsibility of the restaurateurs, with MPs there last month again deciding not to introduce any binding rules.
In Spain, where an anti-smoking ban has been in place since January, exceptions to the rules have allowed most bars and restaurants to filter out any smoking ban.
A tobacco law which came into effect in Luxembourg this month allows the tiny Grand Duchy's nightclubs to keep smoking while restaurants can have air-filtered smokers' rooms.
Similarly, when Belgium introduces its new law in January, restaurants and cafes will be allowed to keep smoking rooms, although no food or drink will be served in them.
Such fumoirs are set to multiply with the idea also catching alight in France. In Finland special rooms hermetically sealed from the non-smoking outside world are being planned for after a tough new law is introduced in June next year.
Such exceptions to the no-smoking rule are not just favored by restaurant owners who can see their profits going up in smoke. Their customers are also piping up.
According to a European poll taken in May, while most Europeans (63 percent) are strongly in favor of a ban on smoking in offices and other enclosed public places, the majority dips to 56 percent when it comes to restaurants alone.
When the smoking-ban question was limited to bars and cafes just 40 percent of respondents said they were strongly in favor of a total ban.
Faced with such figures, the Czech republic has rolled up some of the anti-smoking measures it introduced last year.
Elsewhere smoking bans are simply ignored, including in Greece, which heads the league table of tobacco smokers (40 percent), and Hungary, where parliamentary deputies still make decisions in smoke-filled rooms.
As yet there is no overriding European legislation to clear the air. Community rules only cover maximum nicotine and tar levels as well as ruling on the size of the health warnings on packets.
But Brussels doesn't rule out further legislation.
When Chinese President Xi Jinping (習近平) sits down with US President Donald Trump in Beijing on Thursday next week, Xi is unlikely to demand a dramatic public betrayal of Taiwan. He does not need to. Beijing’s preferred victory is smaller, quieter and in some ways far more dangerous: a subtle shift in American wording that appears technical, but carries major strategic meaning. The ask is simple: replace the longstanding US formulation that Washington “does not support Taiwan independence” with a harder one — that Washington “opposes” Taiwan independence. One word changes; a deterrence structure built over decades begins to shift.
Taipei is facing a severe rat infestation, and the city government is reportedly considering large-scale use of rodenticides as its primary control measure. However, this move could trigger an ecological disaster, including mass deaths of birds of prey. In the past, black kites, relatives of eagles, took more than three decades to return to the skies above the Taipei Basin. Taiwan’s black kite population was nearly wiped out by the combined effects of habitat destruction, pesticides and rodenticides. By 1992, fewer than 200 black kites remained on the island. Fortunately, thanks to more than 30 years of collective effort to preserve their remaining
After Chinese Nationalist Party (KMT) Chairwoman Cheng Li-wun (鄭麗文) met Chinese President Xi Jinping (習近平) in Beijing, most headlines referred to her as the leader of the opposition in Taiwan. Is she really, though? Being the chairwoman of the KMT does not automatically translate into being the leader of the opposition in the sense that most foreign readers would understand it. “Leader of the opposition” is a very British term. It applies to the Westminster system of parliamentary democracy, and to some extent, to other democracies. If you look at the UK right now, Conservative Party head Kemi Badenoch is
A Pale View of Hills, a movie released last year, follows the story of a Japanese woman from Nagasaki who moved to Britain in the 1950s with her British husband and daughter from a previous marriage. The daughter was born at a time when memories of the US atomic bombing of Nagasaki during World War II and anxiety over the effects of nuclear radiation still haunted the community. It is a reflection on the legacy of the local and national trauma of the bombing that ended the period of Japanese militarism. A central theme of the movie is the need, at
RSS