Southeast Asian nations yesterday agreed to guidelines to manage unexpected encounters between their military aircraft, with host Singapore calling the pact a world first and saying they would encourage their international partners to join.
The agreement, signed by ASEAN defense ministers at a conference in Singapore, includes a region-wide pact on the exchange of information on terrorism threats.
The voluntary, non-binding guidelines on air encounters build on an existing code to manage sea encounters adopted last year by ASEAN and its “plus” partners: Australia, China, India, Japan, New Zealand, Russia, South Korea and the US.
“I am happy to announce the first multilateral guidelines for air encounters between military aircraft have been adopted,” Singaporean Minister of Defense Ng Eng Hen (黃永宏) told a news conference. “This is a significant achievement.”
The ASEAN ministers are to meet their eight international partners today, and Ng said they would “seek their agreement” on the guidelines.
The framework for the guidelines said a pact was needed, because Asia’s rising growth and prosperity had spurred an increase of maritime and air traffic in the region.
The US and China in 2015 signed a pact on a military hotline and rules governing air-to-air encounters.
However, even with the existing guidelines, tensions remain, especially in the South China Sea. China claims almost all of the busy waterway while Taiwan, Vietnam, the Philippines, Malaysia and Brunei claim parts of the territory.
Asked if the sea guidelines were working, Ng said: “In a way they are like seat belts — not completely protected, but at least they provide some protection.”
At a lunch meeting with his ASEAN counterparts, US Secretary of Defense James Mattis said that the US wanted a “constructive relationship” with China, but remained concerned by what it saw as the militarization of the South China Sea.
In August, Southeast Asian nations and China adopted a negotiating framework for a broader code of conduct in the South China Sea.
That framework seeks to advance a 2002 Declaration of Conduct of Parties in the sea, which has mostly been ignored by claimant states, particularly China, which has built seven islands in disputed waters, three of them equipped with runways, surface-to-air missiles and radars.
The ASEAN states also agreed to adopt the “our eyes” initiative as a platform to exchange information on “terrorism, radicalism and violent extremism, and other non-traditional threats.”
They also agreed to set up a “virtual” network of chemical, biological and radiological defense experts to “better share best practices and make quick contact during crises.”
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