Seven Pacific island nations have called for a UN investigation into allegations of human rights abuses in Indonesia’s West Papua and Papua provinces, where a separatist movement has simmered for decades.
A statement to a session of the UN Human Rights Council in Geneva, Switzerland, read on behalf of the seven states by Vanuatuan Minister of Justice Ronald Warsal accused Indonesia of serious human rights violations of indigenous Papuans, including extrajudicial executions of activists, and beatings and fatal shootings of peaceful protesters.
The statement called on the council to request a comprehensive report from the UN high commissioner for human rights and Indonesia’s cooperation in providing unfettered access to the two provinces, which independence advocates refer to collectively as West Papua.
Pacific island leaders angered Indonesia last year when they used their speeches to the UN General Assembly to criticize Indonesia’s rule in West Papua.
Jakarta accused them of interfering in Indonesia’s sovereignty and supporting groups that carry out armed attacks.
Warsal, who spoke on behalf of Vanuatu, Tonga, Palau, Tuvalu, the Marshall Islands, Nauru and the Solomon Islands, said they also wanted to highlight the Indonesian policy of encouraging the migration of Javanese and other ethnic groups, which has led to the dramatic outnumbering of indigenous Papuans in their own land.
The Indonesian government “has not been able to curtail or halt these various and widespread violations,” he said. “Neither has that government been able to deliver justice for the victims.”
Indonesia maintains a tight grip on West Papua and restricts journalists from reporting there.
However, the independence movement appears to be increasingly well-organized, with different groups united under an umbrella organization.
The Dutch colonizers of the Indonesian archipelago held onto West Papua when Indonesia became independent after World War II.
It became part of Indonesia following a UN-supervised referendum in 1969 that involved only a tiny proportion of the population and was criticized as a sham. Independence advocates want a second referendum.
The indigenous people of the two Papua provinces, which make up the western half of the island of New Guinea, are ethnically Melanesian and culturally distinct from the rest of Indonesia, the world’s most populous Muslim nation.
West Papua is home to the world’s largest gold mine by reserves, one of the world’s biggest copper mines and vast areas of virgin forest.
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