Growing anti-gay sentiment in Indonesia could hamper efforts to combat fast-rising HIV infections among one of the most at-risk groups, threatening the country’s target to end an AIDS epidemic by 2030, a senior official has warned.
Although new infections have been falling globally, Indonesia is one country where they are on the rise as the disease spreads rapidly among gay men and other men who have had sex with men (MSM) over the past decade.
HIV prevalence among the group jumped from 5.4 percent in 2007 to 25.8 percent last year, according to Indonesia’s National AIDS Commission.
Photo: AFP
“In terms of number, MSM is the fastest growing [group],” commission secretary Kemal Siregar said.
The Asia-Pacific region is home to the second-highest number of people living with HIV in the world, with India, Indonesia and China accounting for about three-quarters of new infections last year, according to the Joint UN Programme on HIV/AIDS.
South Africa has the highest number of people living with HIV in the world.
The UN estimates there are about 690,000 people living with HIV in Indonesia.
Siregar said there is “uncertainty” over meeting Indonesia’s target to end an AIDS epidemic by 2030, as efforts to reach out to the MSM group — who he described as a “hidden population” — had become harder due to increasing social stigma.
This follows a backlash against Indonesia’s lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) community earlier this year.
This was also exacerbated by a drop in foreign funding, as Indonesia’s economy grew and international donors withdrew.
External funding was a crucial resource for HIV prevention work.
“If the funding is not there, it’s very hard to reach this group, because the government’s funding is mostly for treatment, for medicines, not for prevention,” the official said.
The LGBT community had long been tolerated in Indonesia, especially in urban areas, but a backlash suddenly began in January after a minister said the community was banned from university campuses.
Attacks against the LGBT community quickly grew, with ministers and religious leaders denouncing homosexuality, prompting criticism from human rights groups.
The government in August said there was “no room” for the LGBT movement in the country.
Siregar said the commission has intensified its efforts to reach out to the MSM group and planned to establish MSM-friendly clinics outside the 10 cities where they are located.
“They have to know this community, they have to reduce the stigma and have the communication skills to communicate with this group,” Siregar said.
Since the first HIV case was reported in Indonesia in 1987, 13,449 people have died from the disease, according to the latest Indonesian Ministry of Health data as of March this year.
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