The tiny Pacific republic of the Marshall Islands, scene of massive US nuclear tests in the 1950s, sued the US and eight other nuclear-armed nations on Thursday, accusing them of failing in their obligation to negotiate nuclear disarmament.
The Pacific country accused all nine nuclear-armed states of “flagrant violation of international law” for failing to pursue the negotiations required by the 1968 Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.
It filed one suit specifically directed against the US, in the US Federal District Court in San Francisco, while others against all nine countries were lodged at the International Court of Justice in The Hague, a statement from an anti-nuclear group backing the suits said.
The action was supported by South African Nobel Prize winner Archbishop Desmond Tutu, the Nuclear Age Peace Foundation said.
“The failure of these nuclear-armed countries to uphold important commitments and respect the law makes the world a more dangerous place,” its statement quoted Tutu as saying. “We must ask why these leaders continue to break their promises and put their citizens and the world at risk of horrific devastation. This is one of the most fundamental moral and legal questions of our time.”
The Nuclear Age Peace Foundation is a US-based non-partisan advocacy group working with the Marshall Islands and its international pro-bono legal team.
The lawsuits state that Article VI of the treaty requires states to negotiate “in good faith” on nuclear disarmament.
The foundation said the five original nuclear weapons states — the US, Russia, Britain, France and China — were all parties to the treaty, while the others — Israel, India, Pakistan and North Korea — were “bound by these nuclear disarmament provisions under customary international law.”
A copy of the suit against the US made available to reporters says that it is not aimed at seeking compensation from the US for the testing in the Marshall Islands, which became an independent republic in 1986.
The suit against the US said it should take “all steps necessary to comply with its obligations ... within one year of the date of this judgement, including by calling for and convening negotiations for nuclear disarmament in all its aspects.”
“Our people have suffered the catastrophic and irreparable damage of these weapons, and we vow to fight so that no one else on Earth will ever again experience these atrocities,” the statement quoted Marshall Islands Foreign Minister Tony de Brum as saying. “The continued existence of nuclear weapons and the terrible risk they pose to the world threaten us all.”
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