Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir has allegedly siphoned as much as US$9 billion out of his impoverished country and much of it may be stashed in London banks, according to conversations between US officials and the chief prosecutor of the international criminal court and recounted in secret US diplomatic cables.
Some of the funds may be held by the UK’s part-nationalized Lloyds Banking Group, according to International Criminal Court (ICC) prosecutor, Luis Moreno-Ocampo, who told US officials it was time to go public with the scale of Bashir’s theft to turn Sudanese public opinion against him.
“Ocampo suggested if Bashir’s stash of money were disclosed (he put the figure at US$9 billion), it would change Sudanese public opinion from him being a ‘crusader’ to that of a thief,” one report by a senior US official states.
“Ocampo reported Lloyds bank in London may be holding or knowledgeable of the whereabouts of his money,” the cable says. “Ocampo suggested exposing Bashir had illegal accounts would be enough to turn the Sudanese against him.”
Lloyds responded by saying it had no evidence of holding funds in Bashir’s name.
“We have absolutely no evidence to suggest there is any connection between Lloyds Banking Group and Mr Bashir. The group’s policy is to abide by the legal and regulatory obligations in all jurisdictions in which we operate,” it said.
Details of the allegations emerge in the latest batch of leaked embassy cables released by WikiLeaks, which also revealed that diplomats believe judges in the war crimes trial of the Liberian ex-president Charles Taylor have been deliberately causing delays to ensure the only African judge is presiding when the verdict is delivered.
If Ocampo’s claim about Bashir’s fortune is correct, Sudanese funds being held in London banks amount to one tenth of annual GDP in Sudan, which ranks fifteenth from the bottom in the UN’s index of the world’s poorest countries. Ocampo discussed evidence of the money with the Americans just days after issuing an arrest warrant for the Sudanese president in March last year, the first issued by the court against a serving head of state.
Bashir was indicted for seven counts of war crimes and crimes against humanity last year with a further three counts of genocide added in July. Ocampo, who has never released details of the alleged funds, was severely criticized for the indictment by many in Sudan and internationally amid criticisms the move would inflame fighting in the southern Darfur region.
Despite the humanitarian crisis in Sudan, Bashir has remained popular among many people in the country, particularly those who have benefited from the oil boom. A spokesperson for the Sudanese government dismissed the claim, describing it as further evidence of the ICC’s political agenda in discrediting the Sudanese government.
“To claim that the president can control the treasury and take money to put into his own accounts is ludicrous — it is a laughable claim by the ICC prosecutor,” said Khalid al-Mubarak, government spokesperson at the Sudanese embassy in London. “Ocampo is a maverick, and this is just part of his political agenda. He has failed miserably in all his cases and has refused to investigate Iraq or Gaza — he needs success and he has targeted Bashir to increase his own importance.”
“Attempts to smear not only Bashir but Sudan as a whole are well known, and are clearly linked with anti-Arab sentiments and Islamophobia,” Mubarak added.
However, experts said that if confirmed, the funds could have big implications for victims of human rights abuses in the county. Richard Dicker, head of international justice at Human Rights Watch, said: “If Bashir were to be tried and convicted, these funds could not just be frozen, but used as a source of reparations for victims ... [of] horrific crimes in Darfur.”
Robert Palmer, a campaigner at anti-corruption organization Global Witness, said: “US$9 billon may sound like an inconceivably large amount of money for the president of Sudan to control. But we have uncovered evidence of substantial funds being held in a European bank by an oil-rich country in the past, where the head of state had a worrying level of personal control over the funds. In Sudan’s case, the figure is almost the same amount as has been transferred from north to south Sudan under the oil revenue sharing part of the comprehensive peace agreement since 2005.”
In a remarkable series of exchanges, the cables also reveal how Sudan’s mineral wealth had a direct bearing on the ICC proceedings against Bashir, as China had balked at action against him that could harm its interests in the oil industry.
“China, as long as it continues to have oil concessions in Sudan, does not care what happens to Bashir, and would not oppose his arrest if its revenues were not interrupted,” Ocampo was quoted as saying in a cable dated Dec. 3, 2008.
The Chinese also expressed “puzzlement” that the French — a member of the ICC and able to influence the deferral of proceedings against Bashir — supported Ocampo’s decision to pursue the Sudanese president, given France’s oil interests in the region. “[The Chinese] observed French companies have oil interests in Sudan as well as Chad,” the Americans said.
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