Deeply divided along class lines, Peruvians headed to the polls yesterday in a tightly contested presidential race led by a leftist nationalist vowing "a revolution to give Peru's riches to the poor."
But with no candidate expected to win a majority in the triangular race, the vote may only decide the final matchup for a runoff in late May or early June.
Political newcomer Ollanta Humala, 43, a retired army lieutenant colonel, has promised to spend more on the poor and take on Peru's elite. He has aligned himself with populist firebrand leader Hugo Chavez of Venezuela, with whom he shares a similar history of having led a military rebellion against an elected government.
A big woman with a toothy smile, former congresswoman Lourdes Flores is an embracing maternal figure in a country where women are symbols of honesty, and she hopes that image will help her replicate the triumph of socialist Michelle Bachelet, who was elected as neighboring Chile's first woman president last December.
The third strong candidate out of 20 contenders is former president Alan Garcia, 56, a skilled orator and seasoned politician -- whose 1985-90 administration ended in surging guerrilla violence, food shortages and annual inflation that exceeded 7,000 percent.
Humala's lead in the polls has withered in the last week and the three are running neck-and-neck.
Preaching a nationalist message, Humala has pledged to give preference to Peruvian-owned businesses over foreign investors, impose higher taxes on foreign companies and spend the money on the poor. He says he'll rewrite Peru's constitution to strip power from a political class widely viewed as corrupt.
Humala openly admires the 1968-75 leftist dictatorship of General Juan Velasco, who took over Peru's media, implemented a largely failed agrarian reform and forged close ties with the Soviet Union.
Novelist and one-time presidential candidate Mario Vargas Llosa has appealed to his countrymen to reject Humala, urging them "not to be so blind, so amnesiac, so foolish" as to elect another authoritarian leader six years after Alberto Fujimori's decade-long presidency collapsed.
Humala burst onto the political scene when he led a small bloodless military rebellion in 2000 a month before Fujimori's corruption-riddled government fell.
In his final campaign rally on Thursday night in Arequipa in the southern Andes, his stronghold, Humala vowed to take down the "fascist dictatorship of the economically powerful," drawing a roar from his supporters, most of them from his base of dark-skinned mestizos.
International investors and Peru's middle and upper classes are frightened by Humala's rhetoric, as are many working-class Peruvians who have a job or small business to lose.
But the rhetoric resonates with Peru's poorest. President Alejandro Toledo, who cannot run for immediate re-election, boasts of Peru's annual 5 percent growth during the past five years, but during the same time the poverty level dropped only two points -- from 54 percent of the population to 52 percent.
Even Flores, labeled the candidate of big business by her rivals, has criticized Toledo's "trickle-down" economics and promised government support for small business owners and farmers.
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