South Korea's leading university said yesterday that scientist Hwang Woo-suk did not produce any stem cells individually tailored to patients as claimed, likely delivering the fatal blow to the disgraced researcher's once vaunted reputation as a cloning pioneer who held the key to creating breakthrough medical treatments.
Seoul National University's announcement comes almost a week after it said at least nine of the 11 patient-specific stem cell lines Hwang said he established in a paper published in the prestigious journal Science were fabricated.
The finding is important because scientists see the development of stem cells that are designed to match a specific patient's genes as a huge leap toward possibly curing diseases such as Alzheimer's and diabetes. Those hopes are now in doubt.
Roh Jung-hye, the university's dean of research affairs, said yesterday that an investigative panel found that the remaining two stem cell lines documented in the article actually came from fertilized eggs and were not designed specifically for patients.
"The panel couldn't find stem cells that match patients' DNA regarding the 2005 paper and it believes that Hwang's team didn't secure scientific data to prove that [stem cells] were made," Roe said in remarks to South Korean reporters carried on YTN television.
Hwang bolted to international fame last year when he created the world's first cloned human embryo and extracted stem cells from it. This year, besides the tailor-made stem cell claim, he and his research team also said they produced the world's first cloned dog.
Those breakthroughs -- now all thrown into question -- catapulted the handsome veterinarian, dubbed "The Pride of Korea," into the role of national hero in this achievement-oriented East Asian country, where the government responded with pledges of massive financial support.
Stem cells are master cells that can grow into any body tissue. Creating patient-specific ones would be a breakthrough because they would not be rejected by patients' individual immune systems. Stem cells taken from a fertilized egg would not be an identical match to a patient's DNA.
Last week, Hwang, 53, apologized for the fabrication and stepped down as professor at the university. He insisted, however, that his team has developed the technology to create patient-matched stem cells.
The university panel's interim results suggested, however, that even the stem cell lines that Hwang claimed to have developed though not reported in the paper were also not patient specific -- casting doubt on whether the veterinarian ever developed the technology.
Seoul National University's Roe said the panel remains in consultation with outside experts to determine if Hwang possesses the technology to produce such stem cells.
The final results of the probe will be released next month and will also include results of the panel's investigation into Hwang's earlier purported breakthroughs, including Snuppy the cloned Afghan hound published in the journal Nature, and the stem cells from the cloned human embryo reported in Science.
The South Korean government reacted cautiously.
"We don't have an official position over today's report as Seoul National University's investigation is still underway," said Nam Sang-mun, director of the public information division at the Science and Technology Ministry.
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