Kimi Raikkonen of McLaren-Mercedes came in eighth for his first finish this year after coming in second to Schumacher in last season's final standings. The Finnish driver was forced to start last after changing engines after qualifying and did well to make the top 10.
Schumacher made a slight mistake at the end of his qualifying lap, opening the way for Button's first pole and raising hope among the rest of Formula One that Ferrari could be beaten on its home track.
The hope ended shortly after the first round of pit stops, when Schumacher established a five-second lead. By the later stages of the race, the six-time champion was leading by nearly 30 seconds before slowing down in the final laps to avoid problems.
Montoya's problems began in the first lap with Schumacher and he was still angry after the race was over for the way the German driver nearly pushed him off the track.
"It's very disappointing to see racing like that," Montoya said, adding that Schumacher had to be "blind or stupid" not to see him.
Schumacher responded saying "it was just a racing incident."
"It was difficult to keep him behind me and obviously I wanted to avoid him getting by," he said. "At first, I saw him attack me, but then I did not see him, nor did I expect him to come round the outside."
Schumacher's average speed was 212.405kph in 62 laps around the 4.933km layout.
The race was held under mostly sunny skies in much cooler weather than experienced in Friday's practice and Saturday's qualifying.
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