Three scientists won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry yesterday for developing the world’s smallest machines, work that could revolutionize computer technology and lead to a new type of battery.
Frenchman Jean-Pierre Sauvage, British-born Fraser Stoddart and Dutch scientist Bernard “Ben” Feringa shared the 8 million kronor (US$930,000) prize for the “design and synthesis of molecular machines,” the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences said.
Machines at the molecular level are one-1,000th the width of a human hair and have taken chemistry to a new dimension, the academy said.
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Molecular machines “will most likely be used in the development of things such as new materials, sensors and energy-storage systems,” it said.
Stoddart has already developed a molecule-based computer chip with a 20kB memory. Researchers believe chips so small could revolutionize computer technology the way silicon-based transistors once did, the academy said.
It said the laureates’ work has also inspired other researchers to build increasingly advanced molecular machinery, including “a robot that can grasp and connect amino acids” in 2013.
Researchers are also hoping to develop a new kind of battery using the technology.
Sauvage, 71, is professor emeritus at the University of Strasbourg and director of research emeritus at France’s National Center for Scientific Research.
Sauvage’s wife choked back tears as she absorbed the news.
“Jean-Pierre won the Nobel prize,” she said, her voice trembling as she spoke on multiple telephones at once ringing with news of the prize.
Officials at the University of Strasbourg, where Sauvage is a professor emeritus in the Institute of Science and Supramolecular Engineering, were overwhelmed and honored by the news, and said they were trying to reach him to celebrate his victory.
Stoddart, 74, is a chemistry professor at Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois.
His daughter, Alison, said he was “absolutely ecstatic” at the honor.
Feringa, 65, is a professor of organic chemistry at the University of Groningen in the Netherlands.
“I don’t know what to say, I’m a bit shocked,” Feringa told reporters in Stockholm by telephone. “I’m so honored and I’m also emotional about it.”
Molecular machines are molecules with controllable movements that can perform a task when energy is added, the academy said.
It said Sauvage made the first breakthrough in 1983 when he linked two ring-shaped molecules together to form a chain.
Stoddart took the next step in 1991 by threading a molecular ring onto a molecular axle, while Feringa was the first to develop a molecular motor in 1999 when he got a molecular rotor blade to spin continuously in the same direction.
The academy said the molecular motor is at the same stage now as the electric motor was in the 1830s.
The Nobel Peace Prize is to be announced tomorrow, while the economics and literature awards are to be announced next week.
The prizes are to be handed out at ceremonies in Stockholm and Oslo on Dec. 10, the anniversary of prize founder Alfred Nobel’s death in 1896.
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