Iran on Friday dismissed US accusations that two nuclear plants it is building could be used to make secret nuclear weapons, but US officials expressed "grave concerns" and suggested the Iranians were trying to conceal some of the facilities.
Washington's worries about Iran's nuclear activities came as North Korea announced it was restarting a mothballed nuclear reactor and UN arms experts combed Iraq in search of weapons of mass destruction. The three nations comprise US President George W. Bush's "axis of evil."
US officials disputed assertions by Tehran that the two nuclear sites near the central Iranian towns of Natanz and Arak, seen in commercial satellite photographs, were for peaceful purposes.
"We don't have any hidden atomic activities. All our nuclear activities are for non-military fields," Iranian government spokesman Abdollah Ramazanzadeh said in Tehran, adding that UN inspectors had been invited to visit the sites.
But White House spokesman Ari Fleischer said, "We do continue to have grave concerns about it."
"The suspect uranium enrichment plant could be used to produce highly enriched uranium for weapons. The heavy-water plant could support a reactor for producing weapons-grade plutonium," Fleischer said.
The US State Department said Iran was trying to hide parts of the nuclear facility near Natanz by burying some of the buildings underground.
"You can tell that portions of the Natanz nuclear facility, the suspect uranium enrichment plant, ultimately will be underground," State Department spokesman Richard Boucher said.
The White House called on the Vienna-based UN nuclear watchdog, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), to assess both facilities.
The disclosure raised new security challenges for Bush as he tries to disarm Iraq and contain North Korea, which announced this week that it would restart a nuclear reactor idled under the 1994 Agreed Framework that could be used to make weapons-grade plutonium.
Iranian officials dismissed what they called "US propaganda" and insisted international bodies were well briefed on Tehran's nuclear program.
The IAEA said it was aware of the facilities and planned to inspect them in February. "This is not a surprise to us," IAEA director general Mohamed ElBaradei said in Vienna.
The IAEA first raised the issue with Tehran in August, tipped off by satellite pictures, he said.
"Whether the program is for peaceful purposes or not, this is obviously for us to verify ... Iran affirmed that all their activities are for a peaceful purpose," ElBaradei said.
Iran invited IAEA inspectors after informing the agency in September of plans to build nuclear power plants and related fuel facilities over the next 20 years, IAEA spokesman Mark Gwozdecky said.
"The director general, with a team of technical experts, plans to make such a visit in February [next year]," Gwozdecky said.
ElBaradei said the inspection visit by himself and IAEA technical experts had originally been planned for this month but was put off at Iran's request.
Iranian spokesman Ramazanzadeh said there was no obstacle for an IAEA inspection team to visit the sites.
"We have always said that our activities for peaceful usage of nuclear energy could be inspected," he said.
Ramazanzadeh insisted the plants were not sinister, saying the one near Natanz was intended to conduct research into radioactivity.
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