“Most people don’t discuss miscarriages because you worry your problems will distance you or reflect upon you — as if you’re defective or did something to cause this,” Mark Zuckerberg wrote, announcing his wife’s pregnancy, after three miscarriages.
“In today’s open and connected world, discussing these issues doesn’t distance us; it brings us together. It creates understanding and tolerance, and it gives us hope,” Facebook’s CEO said.
It is not strange at all that the inventor of Facebook would think social media had a new answer to a problem as old as humankind. What would be strange is if he were right: What if that is true? What if this taboo were to be overturned by the Internet? What would the implications of that be, for all other taboos, for all other hopes?
The shame of miscarriage is an enraging thing, kept alive by everyone who goes anywhere near a pregnancy, whether it ends happily or not. We have this convention of not announcing a pregnancy until the high-risk first three months have passed; the only reason for it is to maintain a cult of silence around the possibility of miscarriage.
However, what we are protecting is not the couple who suffers the miscarriage, but the world around them, which, under cover of respecting private grief, clings on to an infantile squeamishness around the particulars of reproduction.
Miscarriage culture is, from a feminist perspective, an amplification of the shame involved in being female in the first place. Like motherhood, it is the territory on which you discover that the one thing more deficient and embarrassing than holding the female apparatus is to hold it wrongly. Naturally, though, a culture in which the loss of a pregnancy is unmentionable affects women and men, and heaps loneliness indiscriminately across the genders, so it is only a feminist issue in so far as it is a human one.
What I found frustrating — hated in myself, actually — was that, even thinking all this, I found it impossible not to collude with the silence when I was pregnant. I understood the taboo and whence it stemmed; I rejected the terms of it, and rejected outright, knowing what I knew about myself, the idea that I would want it shrouded in secrecy if I did have a miscarriage.
The modern narrative around pregnancy and childbirth makes it more difficult to be open.
And yet I found it impossible to break that three-month omerta, for reasons both rational and irrational. On the rational side, you do not know until it happens how open you will want to be; to allow for the possibility that you might not want anyone to know is the safer wager, even if it feeds into a culture of isolation.
On the irrational side, you do not use your own body to make a statement about gender politics (even though, as second-wave and even first-wave feminists taught us, that is exactly what you use); it is tempting fate. Fate might not sign up to feminist principles; fate might read the Telegraph. I would point — where Zuckerberg looks at modernity and sees openness and connectedness — to a modern narrative around pregnancy and childbirth that makes it more difficult to be open. A narrative that makes connectedness superficial and manicured.
There has, over the past decade, been a vast inflation of the way risks to pregnancies are presented, to the extent that it is now routine for the British Department of Health to put out guidelines for which there is no empirical basis, or the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists to produce papers “dealing with potential, but unproven, risks to child health.” (The answer, by the way, is for pregnant women to avoid new furniture and frying pans; not because we know they are dangerous, but because we do not know they are not dangerous.)
No trace of peril is considered too slight or random to be endlessly evaluated by the responsible would-be mother.
The territory of “irresponsible mother” has spread from “pregnant woman who smokes” to “pregnant woman who drinks, eats tuna, fails to keep abreast of the latest guidelines on bagged salad or allows herself to become too stressed.”
It is extremely hard in this pitiless environment for anything to go wrong just because it went wrong. Everybody knows how high miscarriage rates are — one-fifth of people who know they are pregnant will miscarry. Everybody also knows that the dangers of pate and raw fish and mercury are negligible in all this, as good as irrelevant when set against the dangers of dumb luck to which we are all, responsible and irresponsible alike, subject.
However, that does not help when it is you. The hysterical overstatement of risk leads to a cycle in which, imagining other people’s judgement, one self-justifies and, hearing others self-justify, one assumes there is something to judge.
In the rush to build this new truth, in which there is no tragedy without a culprit, and the donkey work of grief is to find out who that culprit was and blame them, an older, schmaltzier story has been buried. Obviously, the natural response — the one that needs no drumming up and pours out unbidden when a stranger has a miscarriage, or a baby or a miscarriage then a baby, or a baby then a miscarriage — is empathy, bottomless kindness.
And here, perhaps, is where Zuckerberg’s hope — that we could create understanding and tolerance if we would only discuss things — is warranted. Because while there is nothing in the DNA of social media that quashes spite or says people have to tell one another the truth on it, there is something about the response, when people do tell the truth about themselves, that insists upon fellowship as more than a feeling, as a force.
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