Marie Hilao Enriquez is no longer as agile as she was 32 years ago when she eluded soldiers of late dictator Ferdinand Marcos who raided her apartment in downtown Manila, several months after martial law was imposed in the Philippines.
But her resolve to fight for justice has not wavered.
The 52-year-old activist is at the helm of a campaign of about 10,000 other human-rights victims in demanding their share from US$634 million of Marcos' ill-gotten wealth, which has been returned to the Philippines by the Swiss government.
The monies were stashed by the Marcoses in two Swiss bank accounts that were immediately frozen by the Swiss government after Marcos was ousted in a "people power" uprising that ended his 20-year iron-hand rule in February 1986.
The fund was put into an escrow account at the Philippine National Bank (PNB) in 1998 by the Swiss government, but it was only after the July 15, 2003 decision of the Philippine Supreme Court determining the fund as ill-gotten that the money was actually released.
In March last year, at the height of the presidential election campaign, the Bureau of Treasury ordered the PNB to transfer the money to the government's general fund.
Since then, President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, accused of cheating in the May 2004 vote, has already spent a total of US$200 million of the Marcos money on expenses not related to agrarian reform, which was what the funds were intended for, Enriquez said.
"The [human-rights] victims were very mad," she said. "With the way the Arroyo government is squandering the ill-gotten wealth that has already been recovered, it's like it is being stolen again."
Enriquez reminded Arroyo that one of the preconditions of the Swiss government in returning the Marcos money was that a portion of it would go to the 9,539 human-rights victims who won a class action suit against the dictator's estate in Hawaii in 1992.
"We are just asking for one-third of the total amount," she said. "The money would not have been transferred by the Swiss government had we not charged Marcos in 1986."
Enriquez recalled how she convinced her late parents to be the lead plaintiffs in the class suit. After all, four of their children, including her, suffered immensely at the hands of Marcos.
She clearly recalled that fateful day, six months after Marcos declared martial law on Sept. 21, 1972, when the apartment occupied by her family in downtown Manila was raided by soldiers without a court warrant.
"That was the first time I really felt violated," she said. "I was slapped in the face, we could do nothing. This man was ordering me around. And right in front of me, my companions were mauled. Imagine all this happening inside the security of your home."
Enriquez, who was then a student activist, escaped the raiders but her eldest sister, Liliosa, was not so lucky. Two days later, Liliosa was murdered after being raped and tortured while in detention at police headquarters.
On Oct. 8, 1974, Enriquez, her husband and her brother were arrested by soldiers in the capital. She remained in detention until July 1976 when the chief of the defunct constabulary, former president Fidel Ramos, was forced to release her for being a nursing mother.
"It was very hard," was all that she could mutter when asked now what it was like for her and her family. "Your friends cannot even visit you and openly declare that you are their friends because it will get them in trouble."
Enriquez conceded that the justice she and other martial victims have longed for remained elusive as the traditional elite that propped up Marcos while in power have continued to keep their stranglehold on the country.
"The people's movement was able to oust the Marcos faction of the ruling elite, but another faction came in," she said. "The same thing happened in the ouster of former president Joseph Estrada in 2001, there was no genuine change, only change in leadership."
Enriquez, who now heads a local human-rights watch group, noted that Arroyo has turned out to be more vicious than Marcos, since she has implemented the same repressive policies of the deposed dictator without declaring martial law.
"We are appalled at the growing fascist tendencies of this regime," she said. "At least during martial law, Marcos was cautious in directly attacking legal organizations and human-rights workers.
Under Arroyo, 21 human-rights workers have already been killed.
Various human-rights group have already documented 4,207 cases of human-rights violations, ranging from illegal detentions to torture and killings, victimizing 232,796 people since Arroyo was catapulted into the presidency in 2001.
Enriquez noted that 413 activists have become victims of political killings under Arroyo's watch.
A recent illegal raid on a private house in the suburban city of Marikina highlighted the arrogance of the military under Arroyo.
Military intelligence agents swooped on the house without a court order and seized various documents, including boxes of election returns that were supposed to prove that Arroyo cheated in last year's elections.
"This is worse than during martial law," Senator Juan Ponce Enrile, the defense chief and chief implementer of martial law policies under the Marcos regime, said during a senate inquiry into the raid.
The forcible breaking-up of anti-Arroyo protests in the guise of protecting public security and the rallyists from terrorists, who have allegedly infiltrated their ranks, have also become a daily occurrence.
For Enriquez, the "cruelest" thing Arroyo has done to the thousands of martial law victims was to publicly proclaim that she supports a proposed law that will compensate them and claim that she has allocated US$142 million for them.
"This is only lip service," she said. "And for us, it only goes to show that she is not sincere in rendering justice, not even indemnification to victims of human-rights violations during martial law."
But Enriquez warned that Arroyo cannot fool the people all the time.
"I think we are again in a social volcano that is about to explode," she said. "And it will explode."
Recently, China launched another diplomatic offensive against Taiwan, improperly linking its “one China principle” with UN General Assembly Resolution 2758 to constrain Taiwan’s diplomatic space. After Taiwan’s presidential election on Jan. 13, China persuaded Nauru to sever diplomatic ties with Taiwan. Nauru cited Resolution 2758 in its declaration of the diplomatic break. Subsequently, during the WHO Executive Board meeting that month, Beijing rallied countries including Venezuela, Zimbabwe, Belarus, Egypt, Nicaragua, Sri Lanka, Laos, Russia, Syria and Pakistan to reiterate the “one China principle” in their statements, and assert that “Resolution 2758 has settled the status of Taiwan” to hinder Taiwan’s
Singaporean Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong’s (李顯龍) decision to step down after 19 years and hand power to his deputy, Lawrence Wong (黃循財), on May 15 was expected — though, perhaps, not so soon. Most political analysts had been eyeing an end-of-year handover, to ensure more time for Wong to study and shadow the role, ahead of general elections that must be called by November next year. Wong — who is currently both deputy prime minister and minister of finance — would need a combination of fresh ideas, wisdom and experience as he writes the nation’s next chapter. The world that
The past few months have seen tremendous strides in India’s journey to develop a vibrant semiconductor and electronics ecosystem. The nation’s established prowess in information technology (IT) has earned it much-needed revenue and prestige across the globe. Now, through the convergence of engineering talent, supportive government policies, an expanding market and technologically adaptive entrepreneurship, India is striving to become part of global electronics and semiconductor supply chains. Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s Vision of “Make in India” and “Design in India” has been the guiding force behind the government’s incentive schemes that span skilling, design, fabrication, assembly, testing and packaging, and
Can US dialogue and cooperation with the communist dictatorship in Beijing help avert a Taiwan Strait crisis? Or is US President Joe Biden playing into Chinese President Xi Jinping’s (習近平) hands? With America preoccupied with the wars in Europe and the Middle East, Biden is seeking better relations with Xi’s regime. The goal is to responsibly manage US-China competition and prevent unintended conflict, thereby hoping to create greater space for the two countries to work together in areas where their interests align. The existing wars have already stretched US military resources thin, and the last thing Biden wants is yet another war.